If you've had several urinary tract infections (UTIs) in the past year, you're not alone. Recurrent UTIs are one of the most common reasons women seek care from a urologist. Many patients ask me the same question: "Why does my UTI keep coming back?" The answer is often more complicated than many people realize. What Is a Recurrent UTI? A recurrent UTI is generally defined as: Two or more urinary tract infections within six months, or Three or more urinary tract infections within one year. If...

Have you ever been awakened in the middle of the night by sudden, severe pain in your back or side? Many of my patients who have experienced a kidney stone describe it as one of the worst pains of their lives. Some compare it to childbirth. Others say they simply could not find a comfortable position no matter what they tried. One of the most common questions I hear is: "Why does such a small stone cause so much pain?" The answer lies in how the kidney and urinary tract respond when a stone...

Acute urinary retention (AUR) is a sudden and painful inability to urinate despite having a full bladder. This condition requires immediate medical attention because it can cause severe discomfort and lead to complications if untreated. Understanding what AUR is, how it is managed, and what to expect during treatment can help patients and caregivers navigate this urgent health issue with confidence. What Is Acute Urinary Retention? Acute urinary retention occurs when the bladder fills with...